Let’s explore some of its notable features: WebSocket offers several key features that make it a powerful protocol for real-time communication. This allows for a graceful termination of the connection, ensuring that any remaining data is transmitted before the connection is fully closed. Closing the Connection: When either the client or server wishes to close the WebSocket connection, they can send a specific closing handshake.The protocol supports both sending and receiving data in real time, enabling instantaneous updates and interactive communication between the client and server. Bi-directional Communication: With the WebSocket connection established, both the client and server can send messages to each other at any time.The client and server maintain a persistent connection, allowing them to send messages to each other without the overhead of establishing new connections for each interaction. Establishing Connection: Once the upgrade is acknowledged, the client and server can exchange data using the WebSocket protocol.The server also includes a unique WebSocket key in the response header. Upgrade to WebSocket: Upon receiving the initial request, the server validates it and, if successful, responds with an HTTP 101 status code, indicating a successful upgrade to the WebSocket protocol.This request includes a specific header, called the Upgrade header, indicating the intention to establish a WebSocket connection. Handshake: The WebSocket handshake begins with an initial HTTP-based request from the client to the server.Let’s dive into the process of how it works: WebSocket operates on a simple and straightforward principle. WebSocket maintains a low overhead by using a lightweight protocol and eliminating the need for excessive HTTP headers with each request. This protocol operates on top of the standard HTTP protocol, utilizing the same ports (80 for HTTP, 443 for HTTPS) and supporting secure communication via SSL/TLS. It provides a persistent connection that allows data to be transmitted instantly and efficiently, without the need for repeated requests and responses. The purpose of WebSocket is to overcome the limitations of traditional web technologies when it comes to real-time communication. Unlike traditional HTTP connections, which are stateless and require the client to send a new request to the server for each interaction, WebSocket allows for continuous communication between the client and the server. WebSocket is a communication protocol that enables bi-directional, real-time communication between a client and a server over a single, long-lived connection.
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